48 year old male, working as a farmer, presents to their Primary Care Provider with bilateral forefoot pain with the sensation of stepping on a stone, localized under the 2nd metatarsal head. They are then diagnosed with: 2nd MPJ capsulitis. The patient was referred to a Canadian Certified Pedorthist for evaluation and treatment. https://pedorthic.ca/find-a-pedorthist/
The Pedorthist conducts an extensive history and assessment including range of motion testing, gait analysis, and footwear evaluation. The Pedorthist finds:
- ROM/ Non Weight Bearing Evaluation
- Heavy callusing under metatarsal heads and heels. Callusing worse under the 2nd metatarsal heads bilateral
- Mortons toe present bilateral (shortened first ray)
- Prominent 2nd metatarsal head with palpating bilateral forefoot
- ROM, tightness through talocrural joint dorsiflexion and midfoot inversion/eversion
- Weight Bearing Evaluation
- Bilateral pes cavus foot type
- Bilateral dropped transverse arch
- Gait analysis
- Heavy heel strike
- Supination during midstance and into toe off
- Minor varus moment through knees during midstance
- Current Footwear Evaluation
- Above the ankle steel toe boots at work, fit well and well structured
- Cowboy boots in leisure time
- Inappropriate for foot condition due to tight toe box with no rocker sole at the forefoot
- Advised to wear a shoe with a wider toe box and a rocker forefoot to offload the painful metatarsal heads
The Pedorthist educates the patient on their findings and the importance of Footcare/Foothealth.
The Pedorthist treats with:
- Custom made orthotics fabricated from a 3D casting
https://www.pedorthic.ca/insurance-providers/casting/
- EVA (rubber) material used for the shell of the orthotic
- Heel cushion to aid in shock absorption at heel strike
- Metatarsal pads to support the transverse arch
- Excavation (removal of material) under 2nd metatarsal heads bilateral
- Footwear education
- Work footwear was suitable, but leisure footwear (cowboy boots) may be causing too much pressure on the forefoot, advised to limit use while standing.
- Referrals to other health professionals
- Refer to a physiotherapist for stretching for posterior chain musculature (to increase talocrural joint range of motion)
- Referral to Chiropodist or Footcare nurse to pare down the heavy callusing on metatarsal heads and heels